They prefer to learn in an orderly and self-paced manner, and thus benefit from structured, well thought-out training programs, self-teaching courses, or high quality coaching. Being set (and achieving) regular targets ensures that they maintain interest and gives them the feedback that they need to show them that they are making steady progress. Loose unstructured teaching without clear outcomes, or that has a high degree of experimentation, theory or 'play' does not appeal.

• are less interested in abstract theories than knowledge that has practical application
• prefer working towards a clear goal or end-product
• prefer hands-on training, demonstrations and individual coaching
• have a strong need for evidence or proof when learning new facts
• enjoy challenges, problem-solving and achieving goals
• are good at focusing and concentrating
• are unlikely to explore untried ideas or methods
• are motivated by personal achievement, enhanced status and recognition.

• there is a focused and structured learning environment
• listening and observing, e.g. watching how other people do things, listening to a lecture or presentation, taking notes
• presented with logical, coherent arguments and clear examples
• allowed to absorb ideas at their own pace and to digest them thoroughly before acting on them or making decisions
• they respect their teacher for his/her competence, professionalism and high standards
• can link what they are learning to 'real-world' problems
• given time to prepare thoroughly in advance
• when thoroughness, dedication and attention to detail are rewarded
• they can put into practice what they have learnt

• creativity, interpersonal relationships and personal growth are rewarded above dedication, excellence and thoroughness
• having to take centre stage or being put 'under the spotlight'
• presented with too many distractions or alternatives
• involved in situations which require spur-of-the-moment action and decision-making
• forced to make short cuts or do a superficial job
• there is too much theory, generalization or ambiguity
• Armed with an awareness of your preferred learning style, you can adapt the way you learn so that instead of undermining your confidence or frustrating you, it plays to your strengths and facilitates an enjoyable, productive learning experience.