They have a thirst for knowledge and enjoy utilizing it in the world around them, since for them knowledge is a route towards greater achievement. They prefer to learn in an intellectually stimulating atmosphere in which debate and problem solving are encouraged, and feel more comfortable when the learning is structured and has clear targets than when it is open-ended or involves play and experimentation.

They are good at conceptualising and abstract reasoning, though they may be less interested in acquiring facts and figures. They tend not to accept a teacher’s authority without question, and will readily point out any inconsistencies in an argument or method.

• are stimulated by ideas and quick to grasp possibilities
• enjoy challenges, problem-solving and achieving goals
• need to know why they are learning something
• are energised by competition
• enjoy teamwork and group activities
• are motivated by achievement and the quest for excellence
• may overlook facts and details
• may ignore their own feelings about what they are learning

• given positions of leadership or visibility, for example giving presentations, organising team members etc.
• there is a focused and structured learning environment
• given the opportunity to explore or question assumptions, presuppositions and methodologies
• presented with logical, coherent arguments
• being set challenges and allowed to achieve them in their own way
• their teacher is respected for his/her intellectual or leadership abilities
• when set attainment targets
• encouraged to link what they are learning to their personal goals and ambitions
• when initiative, leadership and thoroughness are rewarded

• bonding with a team or group, or identifying with an institution, organisation or company is valued over independent thinking
• the learning is essentially passive, i.e. reading, observing others, listening to how something 'should' be done, taking notes
• required to work alone, for example reading, writing or reflecting
• the focus is on detail, completing and finishing tasks and perfecting techniques
• creativity, interpersonal relationships or personal growth is rewarded above decisiveness, leadership and determination
• being taught by 'rote' (i.e. repetition), or when given specific instructions or rigid guidelines