To them, learning is a way of expanding their horizons and a path towards growth and development. They prefer to learn in an unconstrained, self-directed manner in which they can follow or absorb themselves in their current interests. They enjoy playing with ideas, experimenting with possibilities and thinking around the subject. They take in information globally, seeing first its broad shape and the possibilities inherent in it before looking at the detail, which they sometimes overlook.

A participatory, varied and lively learning environment stimulates them mentally, and thus they tend to benefit from workshops, role playing exercises and discussion groups (as long as they are not held back by formality). Exercises, routine, detailed tasks, targets and highly structured programs demotivate them.

• are stimulated by ideas and quick to grasp possibilities
• are motivated to learn in order to further their own and other people’s development
• enjoy teamwork and group activities
• benefit from allowing their creativity and inspiration free reign
• are insightful, especially concerning people
• may need to develop discrimination, criticism and objectivity
• may need to think about how they can use what they have learnt
• may need to set themselves targets and learn how to manage their time more effectively

• there are a wide range of activities to participate in
• given positions of leadership or visibility, for example giving presentations, organising team members etc.
• emotionally engaged by a subject, or can relate it to their personal interests and values
• there is an emphasis on teamwork and co-operation
• there is an open and lively atmosphere
• allowed to give free reign to their creativity and inspiration
  there are plenty of opportunities for co-operative interaction, dialogue and group discussion
• what they learn can be shown to benefit people's lives
• ideas are presented imaginatively or in an inspiring manner, for example using role-play, dramatisation or multi-sensory presentations

• the learning is essentially passive, i.e. reading, observing others, listening to how something 'should' be done, taking notes
• the focus is on analysis, detail or facts and figures
• having to collate large amounts of data
• required to work alone, for example reading, writing or reflecting
• being taught by 'rote' (i.e. repetition), or when given specific instructions or rigid guidelines
• accuracy, precision, thoroughness and adherence to rules are valued above enthusiasm, creativity and initiative